The Intellectual and Scientific Response of Dr. Rangin Dadfar Spanta, National Security Advisor and Minister of Foreign Affairs under Hamid Karzai in connection with the recent interview of Mohammad Hanif Atmar, Minister of Foreign Affairs Ashraf Ghani ———————————————— If political evil and foolishness are mixed, the result is a cosmicity of hegemony and hostility to justice. Federalism and decentralization are the broadest platforms of democracy and have no relation to phedalism, otherwise the majority of democracies from america to India and others should have been fiudali.
Here is the spring season and everything is renewed, nature covers its green clothes and displays its natural beauties, also humans start a new life and wear new clothes from the nature of the natural flow. They rearrange and renew their thoughts. Abbas Jan and Sahil Jan also will start a new life and a new thought and put on their new clothes.
I thank God that my children have successfully completed the one-year English language course organized by Nobel Park Education Institution in Melbourne. Therefore, I wish both of them more success in the field of learning science and knowledge.
I thank God that my children have successfully completed the one-year English language course organized by Nobel Park Education Institution in Melbourne. Therefore, I wish both of them more success in the field of learning science and knowledge.
I thank God that my children have successfully completed the one-year English language course organized by Nobel Park Education Institution in Melbourne. Therefore, I wish both of them more success in the field of learning science and knowledge.
Multilateral diplomacy is a product of a special process of diplomacy, which despite having many similarities with bilateral diplomacy, has clear differences with bilateral diplomacy in the way it is formed, decision-making process, work environment, rituals, direct influence of power and the final product. This type of diplomacy is mainly created to respond to cross-border and international challenges, because no government alone is able to respond to all problems and use all opportunities.
In fact, the formation of the modern concept of the nation-state after the Treaty of Westphalia and its acceptance in the international system, the need for international order and security after numerous conflicts and wars, and finally the need for coordination in economic, social and humanitarian affairs following various scientific and industrial developments Especially during the last two centuries, it has provided the ground for multilateral cooperation and led to the prosperity of multilateral diplomacy.
Of course, multilateral diplomacy has also had a gradual growth in its course, and this gradual growth is also due to the acceptance and transformation of the principle of sovereignty due to internal developments in Europe, the need for peace and tranquility after major wars, the need for coordination in economic and social issues for growth. Industry and technology across Europe and the world, and finally there has been a need for communication between countries in this field. Specialists, writers, politicians, parliamentarians and shapers of public opinion such as national and global pressure groups, media, press and internet sites are considered actors in the field of multilateral diplomacy, who play an effective role in shaping even without being present on the stage of multilateral institutions. It has a significant impact on the minds of elites, government representatives, domestic and international decision makers, and finally public opinion, and in this way they play a role in multilateral institutions.
In this type of diplomacy, diplomats have little time to make decisions and produce an immediate position in international interactions, and this fact requires a kind of intellectual, analytical and operational ability in multilateral diplomacy. In addition, in this type of diplomacy, the possibility of observing the usual formalities in bilateral diplomacy is less and in some cases it is completely excluded; Because the purpose of the formalities is to facilitate the diplomat’s work, and overemphasizing it hinders the multilateral diplomat’s work.
Also, in multilateral diplomacy, communication is established randomly in encounters or during taking positions in common environments, and for this reason, the possibility of communication between representatives increases in this type of diplomacy, and of course, their situations, opportunities, and challenges also increase to the same extent. . With this description, various environments such as conferences, meetings of international organizations including very formal meetings such as meetings of leaders and ministers as well as expert meetings, informal negotiations and coordination of circles outside the meetings and in general multilateral institutions and international and regional organizations, work environment They are considered multilateral diplomacy. In fact, the formation of multilateral diplomacy with its own requirements and needs and as a result, opening up new fields of interaction and bringing together new and diverse actors and even new audiences (public opinion) has brought a new arena in the field of diplomacy. He said that with the gradual and sometimes accelerated growth of his actors, he has taken a different form.
Science means systematic actions for the purposeful development and organization of valuable information of the world, which takes place in the form of testable interpretations and predictions about the world.
The chronology of the universe inferred by the popular Big Bang theory. It is a result of science and knowledge obtained by humans. An older and close meaning, which is still used today, belongs to Aristotle and considers scientific knowledge as a set of reliable knowledge that can be explained logically.[6] It is also sometimes called a set of propositions that scientists in Scientific explorations are gathered around a topic or to achieve a goal and are discussed between them based on the language of science.
Time management and using it in life affairs are one of the indicators of orderliness of individual behavior and the promise of human success in the private and public spheres. So we should make better and better use of the flow of time in matters of progress and evolution of political and private life rather than focusing on goals and ideals. achieve our goals.
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